鋁型材截面本身就千變?nèi)f化，并且鋁型材擠壓行業(yè)發(fā)展到今天，鋁合金，鋁型材截面本身就千變?nèi)f化，有機(jī)身清，強(qiáng)度好等重要優(yōu)點(diǎn)，目前已經(jīng)有許多行業(yè)采用鋁型材來(lái)代替原有材料。由于部分型材的特殊導(dǎo)致模具由于型材截面特殊，設(shè)計(jì)和制作難度較大。如果還是采用常規(guī)的擠壓方法往往難于達(dá)到模具額定產(chǎn)量，必須采用特殊工藝，嚴(yán)格控制各項(xiàng)生產(chǎn)工藝參數(shù)才能正常進(jìn)行生產(chǎn)。
Aluminum profile section itself is ever-changing, and the aluminum profile extrusion industry has developed to this day. Aluminum alloy, aluminum profile section itself is ever-changing, organic and clean, good strength and other important advantages. At present, many industries have used aluminum profile to replace the original materials. Due to the particularity of some profiles, it is difficult to design and manufacture the die due to the special profile section. If the conventional extrusion method is still adopted, it is often difficult to reach the rated output of the die. Special process must be adopted to strictly control the production process parameters before normal production.
優(yōu)化擠壓工藝延長(zhǎng)模具壽命，在擠壓生產(chǎn)中一定要采取合理的措施來(lái)確保模具的組織性能，采取適宜的擠壓速度。在擠壓過程中，擠壓速度一般應(yīng)控制在25mm/s以下，當(dāng)擠壓速度過快時(shí)，會(huì)造成金屬流動(dòng)難于均勻，致使模具工作帶磨損加速，合理選擇擠壓溫度，擠壓溫度是由模具加熱溫度、盛錠筒溫度和鋁板溫度來(lái)決定的。
To optimize the extrusion process and prolong the service life of the die, reasonable measures must be taken in the extrusion production to ensure the structure and performance of the die and to adopt the appropriate extrusion speed. In the extrusion process, the extrusion speed should generally be controlled below 25mm/s. When the extrusion speed is too fast, the metal flow will be difficult to be uniform, resulting in accelerated wear of the die working belt. The extrusion temperature should be reasonably selected. The extrusion temperature is determined by the die heating temperature, ingot cylinder temperature and aluminum plate temperature.
鋁板溫度過低容易引起擠壓力升高或產(chǎn)生悶車現(xiàn)象，模具容易出現(xiàn)局部微量的彈性變形或在應(yīng)力集中的部位產(chǎn)生裂紋而導(dǎo)致模具早期報(bào)廢。鋁板溫度過高會(huì)使金屬組織軟化，而使得黏附于模具工作帶表面甚至堵模（嚴(yán)重時(shí)模具在高壓下崩塌）未均勻鑄錠合理加熱溫度在460-520°C，經(jīng)過均勻化的鑄錠合理加熱溫度在430-480°C。
The aluminum plate temperature is too low, which is easy to cause the extrusion force to rise or the phenomenon of stuffy turning. The mold is easy to have a small amount of local elastic deformation or cracks in the stress concentration parts, resulting in the early scrapping of the mold. Too high temperature of the aluminum plate will soften the metal structure, which will cause uneven adhesion to the surface of the working belt of the mold and even mold plugging (in serious cases, the mold collapses under high pressure). The reasonable heating temperature of the ingot after homogenization is 460-520 ° C, and the reasonable heating temperature of the ingot after homogenization is 430-480 ° C.

擠壓生產(chǎn)時(shí)模具保溫時(shí)間一般在2-3小時(shí)左右，使用模具時(shí)要有與模具相配套的模支撐，模套和支承墊，避免因支承墊內(nèi)孔過大而導(dǎo)致模具出口面與支承墊接觸面太小，使得模具變形或破裂。
During extrusion production, the mold insulation time is generally about 2-3 hours. When using the mold, the mold support, mold sleeve and support pad matching the mold should be provided to avoid too small the contact surface between the mold outlet surface and the support pad due to the large inner hole of the support pad, which will cause the mold deformation or fracture.
采用正確的堿洗(煮模)方法。模具卸模后，此時(shí)模具溫度在500°C如果模具溫度下降迅速，模具極易發(fā)生開裂現(xiàn)象。正確方法是等卸模后將模具在空氣中放置到100°-150°C再浸入堿水中。擠壓結(jié)束后，擠壓桿先于擠壓筒后退，壓余留在擠壓筒中，然后擠壓筒后退，可同時(shí)將模具分流孔中的部分殘鋁隨同壓余拔出，然后再進(jìn)行堿煮。
Adopt correct alkali washing (mold boiling) method. After the mold is unloaded, the mold temperature is at 500 ° C. if the mold temperature drops rapidly, the mold is very easy to crack. The correct method is to place the mold in the air at 100 ° -150 ° C after unloading and then immerse it in alkaline water. After extrusion, the extrusion rod retreats before the extrusion cylinder, and the residual pressure is left in the extrusion cylinder, and then the extrusion cylinder retreats. At the same time, part of the residual aluminum in the mold shunt hole can be pulled out with the residual pressure, and then alkali boiling can be carried out.
鋁板生產(chǎn)廠家認(rèn)為模具使用上采用由低到高再到低的使用強(qiáng)度。模具使用中期，由于模具的各項(xiàng)性能已基本處于平穩(wěn)狀態(tài)，可適當(dāng)提高使用強(qiáng)度。到后期，模具的金屬組織已經(jīng)開始惡化，疲勞強(qiáng)度，穩(wěn)定性和韌性經(jīng)過長(zhǎng)期的生產(chǎn)服役已經(jīng)開始走入下降曲線，此時(shí)應(yīng)適當(dāng)降低模具的使用強(qiáng)度直至模具報(bào)廢。
Aluminum plate manufacturers believe that the use of molds is from low to high and then to low strength. In the middle of the use of the mold, as the various properties of the mold have been basically in a stable state, the use strength can be appropriately improved. In the later stage, the metal structure of the die has begun to deteriorate, and the fatigue strength, stability and toughness have begun to fall into a downward curve after long-term production and service. At this time, the service strength of the die should be properly reduced until the die is scrapped.
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